Elena Litani is a software developer working for IBM. For the lastcouple of years, she has been a member of the W3C Document Object Model(DOM) Working Group, working on the DOM Level 3 specification. Since2000 Elena has been an active contributor to the Apache Xerces2 project,working on the XML Schema and DOM Level 3 implementations in Xerces. Shehas also designed the post-schema validation API which is implemented inXerces.