Josh Lubell works at US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) where he applies markup technology toward solving data exchange problems between manufacturing applications. He is a contributor to various standards efforts and speaks regularly at XML-related conferences. His pre-NIST experience includes artificial intelligence systems design and prototyping as well as software development for the building materials industry. He has an M.S. in computer science from the University of Maryland at College Park and a B.S. in mathematics from Binghamton University. He lives in Maryland about midway between Washington DC and Baltimore.