I am in the process of formatting the samples for RenderX XEP. I got problems with three of your files - I believe they contain errors. I attach validation messages that seem to render the XSL FO instance invalid. Sample1.fo: see Sample1.err.log Sample3.fo: see Sample3.err.log Sample4.fo: I am concerned with the use of keep-together="always". By the XSL Spec, keep-together is a shorthand notation that is equivalent to setting three components to the same value: keep-together.within.line="always" keep-together.within.column="always" keep-together.within.page="always" The first conponent effectively disables all line breaks, constraining the contents of the whole block to a single line. I believe there is an error here: the intent of the author seemingly was to disable page breaks only. I believe this attribute should be given an explicit component specifier: keep-together.within.column="always".